2330 Military Time

2330 is half past eleven in the night, 11:30 PM. The first two digits are the hour, the last two are the minutes, and the minutes are the same in every system: 30 stays 30. Only the hour needs attention: the hour is above 12, so subtract 12 and add PM: 23 − 12 = 11.

Eleven in the evening, the last full hour of the day. 2359 is the last minute; the next one is 0000 of a new day.

2330 sits 23.5 hours after midnight. A standard eight-hour shift that starts at 2330 ends at 0730 the next day; a twelve-hour shift ends at 1130 the next day.

Every single minute of this hour is listed on the 2300 page.

Adding whole hours to military time is a plain sum until you pass 2359, then you subtract 24 and move to the next day. A shift from 2330 that lasts eight hours ends at 0730. For a shift with a break, the work hours calculator does the subtraction and accepts both formats.

Military to 12-hour. The hour is above 12, so subtract 12 and add PM: 23 − 12 = 11. Keep the 30 minutes: 2330 is 11:30 PM.

12-hour to military. 11 PM is a PM hour, so add 12: 11 + 12 = 23. 11:05 PM is 2305. So 11:30 PM is 2330: no colon, no PM, four digits.

The common slip is writing “23:30 PM”, which mixes the two systems. 2330 cannot be a morning time, because 23 is past 12; the morning equivalent would be 1130.

2330 is said “twenty-three thirty”. With minutes attached, the word “hundred” disappears; “twenty-three hundred thirty” is wrong, and so is “twenty-three thirty hundred”. It is the same words you would use for the number 23 followed by the number thirty.

Minutes follow the same logic. 2305 is “twenty-three zero five” and 2340 is “twenty-three forty”. Single-digit minutes get a spoken zero, so the listener knows a digit is there.

About the word “hours”: in speech, “twenty-three hundred hours” is everywhere, and nobody will correct you. In writing, Army Regulation 25-50 says the word is not used with military time, so a memorandum reads “at 2330”, not “at 2330 hours”.

On its own, 2330 is local time wherever it is written. When the four digits carry a letter, the letter is the time zone. Z stands for Zulu, which is UTC, and J (Juliet) means the local time of the person speaking. The table converts 2330Z to the four US zones, in standard time and in daylight saving time.

Eastern Time is four hours behind UTC from March to November and five hours behind the rest of the year, which is why one Zulu time maps to two possible local times. The other three zones follow the same pattern an hour further west each.

Midnight has a second spelling, 2400, used when it marks the end of a day rather than the start. The full rules, with a converter, are on the military time chart page.